人妻少妇偷人精品无码丨色婷婷av久久久久久久丨欧美xxxx做受性欧美88丨欧洲女人牲交视频免费丨亚洲精品久久久av无码专区

The cell lines can be used in studies to elucidate molecular mechanisms associated with the initiation, progression and metastasis of prostate cancer.

They are also a useful tool for gene/drug discovery.

TRAMP-C1 and TRAMP-C2 are tumorigenic when grafted into syngeneic C57BL/6 hosts. 

Neither the cells grown in culture, nor the tumors arising from the cells in vivo, express SV40 T antigen (Tag). TRAMP-C1 and TRAMP-C2 are tumorigenic when grafted into syngeneic C57BL/6 hosts. However, TRAMP-C3 grows readily in vitro, but does not form tumors. 

These cell lines represent various stages of cellular transformation and progression to androgen-independent metastatic disease that can be manipulated in vitro. The cell lines can be used in studies to elucidate molecular mechanisms associated with the initiation, progression and metastasis of prostate cancer. They are also a useful tool for gene/drug discovery.

1. Remove and discard culture medium.
2. Briefly rinse the cell layer with 0.25% (w/v) Trypsin-053mM EDTA solution to remove all traces of serum which contains trypsin inhibitor.
3. Add 2.0 to 3.0 mL of Trypsin-EDTA solution to flask and observe cells under an inverted microscope until cell layer is dispersed (usually within 5 to 15 minutes).
   Note: To avoid clumping do not agitate the cells by hitting or shaking the flask while waiting for the cells to detach. Cells that are difficult to detach may be placed at 37°C to facilitate dispersal.
4. Add 6.0 to 8.0 mL of complete growth medium and aspirate cells by gently pipetting.
5. Add appropriate aliquots of the cell suspension to new culture vessels.
6. Incubate cultures at 37°C.

Subcultivation Ratio: 1:6 to 1:10
Medium Renewal: Every 2 to 3 days

Note: For more information on enzymatic dissociation and subculturing of cell lines consult Chapter 10 in Culture of Animal Cells, a Manual of Basic Technique by R. Ian Freshney, 3rd edition, published by Alan R. Liss, N.Y., 1994.

Hurwitz AA, et al. Manipulation of T cell costimulatory and inhibitory signals for immunotherapy of prostate cancer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 8099-8103, 1997. PubMed: 9223321

Foster BA, et al. Characterization of prostatic epithelial cell lines derived from transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model. Cancer Res. 57: 3325-3330, 1997. PubMed: 9269988

Greenberg NM, et al. Prostate cancer in a transgenic mouse. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 3439-3443, 1995. PubMed: 7724580

Greenberg NM, et al. The rat probasin gene promoter directs hormonally and developmentally regulated expression of a heterologous gene specifically to the prostate in transgenic mice. Mol. Endocrinol. 8: 230-239, 1994. PubMed: 8170479

Gingrich JR, et al. Metastatic prostate cancer in a transgenic mouse. Cancer Res. 56: 4096-4102, 1996. PubMed: 8797572

Greenberg NM. Transgenic models for prostate cancer research. Urol. Oncol. 2: 119-122, 1996.

Gingrich JR, et al. Androgen-independent prostate cancer progression in the TRAMP model. Cancer Res. 57: 4687-4691, 1997. PubMed: 9354422

Hay, R. J., Caputo, J. L., and Macy, M. L., Eds. (1992), ATCC Quality Control Methods for Cell Lines. 2nd edition, Published by ATCC.

Caputo, J. L., Biosafety procedures in cell culture. J. Tissue Culture Methods 11:223-227, 1988.

Fleming, D.O., Richardson, J. H., Tulis, J.J. and Vesley, D., (1995) Laboratory Safety: Principles and Practice. Second edition, ASM press, Washington, DC.

Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories, 5th ed. HHS. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007. The entire text is available online.