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There is no evidence of a Hepatitis B virus genome in this cell line.

In addition to the hepatocellular carcinoma or hepatoma cell line based on the original publication (PubMed: 6248960),  HepG2 is also referred as  hepatoblastoma cell line (PubMed: 19751877).

1. Remove and discard culture medium.
2. Briefly rinse the cell layer with 0.25% (w/v) Trypsin- 0.53 mM EDTA solution to remove all traces of serum that contains trypsin inhibitor.
3. Add 2.0 to 3.0 mL of Trypsin-EDTA solution to flask and observe cells under an inverted microscope until cell layer is dispersed (usually within 5 to 15 minutes).
   Note: To avoid clumping do not agitate the cells by hitting or shaking the flask while waiting for the cells to detach. Cells that are difficult to detach may be placed at 37°C to facilitate dispersal.
4. Add 6.0 to 8.0 mL of complete growth medium and aspirate cells by gently pipetting.
5. Add appropriate aliquots of the cell suspension to new culture vessels.
6. Incubate cultures at 37°C.

Knowles BB, Aden DP. Human hepatoma derived cell line, process for preparation thereof, and uses therefor. US Patent 4,393,133 dated Jul 12 1983

Schardt C, et al. Characterization of insulin-like growth factor II receptors in human small cell lung cancer cell lines. Exp. Cell Res. 204: 22-29, 1993. PubMed: 8380141

Cuthbert C, et al. Regulation of human apolipoprotein A-I gene expression by gramoxone. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 14954-14960, 1997. PubMed: 9169468

Deleersnyder V, et al. Formation of native hepatitis C virus glycoprotein complexes. J. Virol. 71: 697-704, 1997. PubMed: 8985401

Benn J, et al. Hepatitis B virus HBx protein induces transcription factor AP-1 by activation of extracellular signal-regulated and c-Jun N-terminal mitogen-activated protein kinases. J. Virol. 70: 4978-4985, 1996. PubMed: 8764004

Goodrum FD, et al. Adenovirus early region 4 34-kilodalton protein directs the nuclear localization of the early region 1B 55-kilodalton protein in primate cells. J. Virol. 70: 6323-6335, 1996. PubMed: 8709260

Kolanus W, et al. alphaLbeta2 integrin/LFA-1 binding to ICAM-1 induced by cytohesin-1 a cytoplasmic regulatory molecule. Cell 86: 233-242, 1996. PubMed: 8706128

Lewis W, et al. Fialuridine and its metabolites inhibit DNA polymerase gamma at sites of multiple adjacent analog incorporation, decrease mtDNA abundance, and cause mitochondrial structural defects in cultured hepatoblasts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 3592-3597, 1996. PubMed: 8622980

Jang SI, et al. Activator protein 1 activity is involved in the regulation of the cell type-specific expression from the proximal promoter of the human profilaggrin gene. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 24105-24114, 1996. PubMed: 8798649

Roesler WJ, et al. The alpha-isoform of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein is required for mediating cAMP responsiveness of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase promoter in hepatoma cells. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 8068-8074, 1996. PubMed: 8626491

Lee JH, et al. The proximal promoter of the human transglutaminase 3 gene. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 4561-4568, 1996. PubMed: 8626812

Lieber A, et al. Recombinant adenoviruses with large deletions geneerated by cre-mediated excision exhibit different biological properties compared with first-generation vectors in vitro and in vivo. J. Virol. 70: 8944-8960, 1996. PubMed: 8971024

Dubuisson J, Rice CM. Hepatitis C virus glycoprotein folding: disulfide bond formation and association with calnexin. J. Virol. 70: 778-786, 1996. PubMed: 8551615

Yamaguchi Y, et al. Biochemical characterization and intracellular localization of the Menkes disease protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 14030-14035, 1996. PubMed: 8943055

Kounas MZ, et al. Cellular internalization and degradation of antithrombin III-thrombin, heparin cofactor II-thrombin, and alpha1-antitrypsin-trypsin complexes is mediated by the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 6523-6529, 1996. PubMed: 8626456

Klemm DJ, et al. Adenovirus E1A proteins regulate phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene transcription through multiple mechanisms. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 8082-8088, 1996. PubMed: 8626493

Wu X, et al. Demonstration of a physical interaction between microsomal triglyceride transfer protein and apolipoprotein B during the assembly of ApoB-containing lipoproteins. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 10277-10281, 1996. PubMed: 8626595

Knowles BB, et al. Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines secrete the major plasma proteins and hepatitis B surface antigen. Science 209: 497-499, 1980. PubMed: 6248960

Ostlund RE Jr., et al. A sterospecific myo-inositol/D-chiro-inositol transporter in HepG2 liver cells. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 10073-10078, 1996. PubMed: 8626564

Busch SJ, et al. Differential regulation of hepatic triglyceride lipase and 3-hydroxy-3- methylglutaryl-CoA reductase gene expression in a human hepatoma cell line, HepG2. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 22474-22479, 1990. PubMed: 2176219

Darlington GJ, et al. Growth and hepatospecific gene expression of human hepatoma cells in a defined medium. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 23: 349-354, 1987. PubMed: 3034851

Aden DP, et al. Controlled synthesis of HBsAg in a differentiated human liver carcinoma- derived cell line. Nature 282: 615-616, 1979. PubMed: 233137

Knowles BB, Aden DP. Human hepatoma derived cell line, process for preparation thereof, and uses therefor. US Patent 4,393,133 dated Jul 12 1983

Nucleotide (GenBank) : Z29481 H.sapiens mRNA for 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid dioxygenase.